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TIME: Almanac 1993
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TIME Almanac 1993.iso
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022690
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02260011.000
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1992-08-28
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WORLD, Page 16Midwives to Unity
Forty-five years after the end of World War II, no peace
treaty has been signed between Germany and the four Allied
powers that conquered the country. As a result, the U.S.,
Britain, France and the Soviet Union to this day retain remnants
of the rights they exercised as occupying forces. This is why
World War II's Big Four will now serve as midwife to the
unification of Germany.
At the Potsdam Conference in the summer of 1945 the victors
agreed that Germany would be temporarily divided into zones of
occupation, one to be administered by each of them, until a
peace agreement was signed. Berlin was considered a separate
entity, and another four-power division was made of the German
capital.
After the cold war broke out, the American, British and
French zones were merged to form the Federal Republic of
Germany, while the Soviet zone became the German Democratic
Republic. But the Allies retained military authority over Berlin
as well as the right to base troops and conduct military
maneuvers in the Germanys.
One of the most striking symbols of four-power rule was the
guarding of Nazi war criminals at the Spandau prison in West
Berlin, where the four countries rotated guard duties every
month. After Rudolf Hess, the last prisoner, died in 1987, the
prison was demolished. Now the World War II victors will again
have a role to play in determining Germany's destiny.